Gates are defined as decision points based on deliverables, criteria, and outputs in the context of project management and product development processes. The outputs of gates typically include decisions such as go (proceed with the project), kill (terminate the project), hold (put the project on hold), or recycle (revisit and revise the project plan). These decisions help ensure that resources are allocated efficiently and that projects align with strategic goals.
References:
Cooper, R. G. (1990). Stage-Gate Systems: A New Tool for Managing New Products. Business Horizons, 33(3), 44-54.
Griffin, A. (1997). PDMA Research on New Product Development Practices: Updating Trends and Benchmarking Best Practices. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 14(6), 429-458.