TheFifth Line, or theGoverning Authority (Board), holdsultimate accountabilityfor the governance, management, and assurance of performance, risk, and compliance.
* Role of the Governing Authority:
* Sets the tone at the top by defining the mission, vision, and strategic objectives.
* Ensures proper oversight and accountability across all lines.
* Approves and monitors the effectiveness of risk management, performance, and compliance initiatives.
* Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
* B: The Second Line implements performance, risk, and compliance programs but does not have ultimate accountability.
* C: The First Line executes operational activities but does not govern or manage assurance.
* D: The Third Line provides independent assurance but is not accountable for governance and management.
References:
* COSO ERM Framework: Highlights the Governing Authority's accountability for enterprise risk and compliance.
* OCEG GRC Capability Model: Describes the plenary accountability of the Fifth Line.