A test case is a set of conditions or variables under which a tester will determine whether a system under test satisfies the requirements or works correctly. A test case is derived from the requirements and the acceptance criteria, and it specifies the input data, expected output, and execution steps. A test case is incorrect if it does not match the requirements or the acceptance criteria, or if it contains errors, ambiguities, or inconsistencies.
If the business analyst receives a test result report that shows evidence of defective functionality, but verifies that the functionality behaves according to the requirements, the business analyst should first verify that the test case is incorrect. This can be done by reviewing the test case, comparing it with the requirements and the acceptance criteria, and identifying any discrepancies or flaws. By verifying that the test case is incorrect, the business analyst can avoid unnecessary changes to the requirements or the solution, and ensure that the test results are valid and reliable. References: PMI Professional in Business Analysis (PMI-PBA)Examination Content Outline3, page 21; Business Analysis for Practitioners: A Practice Guide4, page 101.