* Routing is the process of forwarding packets from one network to another, based on the destination IP address1.
* Routing occurs at the network layer of the OSI model, which is the third layer from the bottom2.
* The network layer is responsible for logical addressing, path selection, and packet delivery across multiple networks2.
* Routers are the devices that operate at the network layer and perform routing functions, using protocols such as RIP, OSPF, EIGRP, or BGP23.
* The other layers of the OSI model have different roles in the network communication process, such as:
* The data link layer is the second layer from the bottom, and it is responsible for framing, addressing, and error detection of data packets over a single network, using protocols such as Ethernet, Wi-Fi, or PPP2.
* The transport layer is the fourth layer from the bottom, and it is responsible for ensuring reliable, error-free, and ordered data transfer between devices, using protocols such as TCP or UDP2.
* The physical layer is the bottom layer, and it is responsible for transmitting and receiving bits over a physical medium, such as a cable, a fiber, or a wireless signal2. References:
* 1: CompTIA Network+ N10-008 Cert Guide, 1st Edition, Chapter 5: Routing, p. 179
* 2: CompTIA Network+ N10-008 Cert Guide, 1st Edition, Chapter 1: Introduction to Networks, pp.
22-29
* 3: CompTIA Network+ N10-008 Cert Guide, 1st Edition, Chapter 5: Routing, pp. 180-191