Without explicitly setting profile permissions or permission sets for the custom tabs, they will not be visible to any users by default. You will need to manually update the profile settings or permission sets to make the custom tabs visible to the appropriate users.

https://help.salesforce.com/s/articleView?id=sf.changesets_about_outbound.htm&type=5
After you upload a change set, its status becomes closed, and you can’t make changes to its components. Also, the components in a closed change set don’t get refreshed. To redeploy the same set of components, clone the change set. The cloned change set includes the latest changes to its components source. You can add and remove components in the cloned change set. Cloning change sets is helpful during the iterative phases of a project.

No need to clone, just click "Edit", then "Cancel" and after You add what You want, just go back to the change sets list and You will see the "Update" option

It´s B. Only by cloning a change set, the components will get the newest version.