Comprehensive and Detailed Step-by-Step Explanation:
1. What is VRF (Virtual Routing and Forwarding)?
* VRF is a network virtualization technology that enables multiple isolated routing tables to coexist on a single physical device.
* Each VRF instance is independent, which ensures separation between different VPNs or users.
2. Resources That VRF Can Independently Own:
Option A: Interface
* Correct.
* Each VRF instance can have its own set of interfaces. These interfaces are bound to a specific VRF, isolating traffic at the physical or logical port level.
Option B: Routing table
* Correct.
* VRF instances maintain independent routing tables. This ensures that routes for one VPN do not overlap or interfere with routes of another VPN.
Option C: MAC address table
* Incorrect.
* The MAC address table is part of Layer 2 operations and is shared by all VRF instances on the device.
VRF operates at Layer 3 and does not isolate MAC address tables.
Option D: Routing protocol process
* Correct.
* Each VRF instance can run its own routing protocol processes (e.g., OSPF, BGP), and these processes are completely independent of other VRF instances.
3. Summary:
* The correct resources that can be independently owned by a VRF instance are Interface, Routing Table
, and Routing Protocol Process.