A vaccine administration error occurs when a vaccine is given in a way that deviates from standard guidelines established by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the vaccine manufacturer's recommendations. Some administration errors must be reported voluntarily to theVaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS)to help improve vaccine safety and prevent future errors.
* (A) Fluzone was administered subcutaneously.#(Incorrect Route - Error that Should Be Reported)
* Fluzone is aninactivated influenza vaccine (IIV)that should be administeredintramuscularly (IM).
* Subcutaneous (SQ) administration isnot recommendedand may reduce vaccine efficacy.
* According to theCDC and the Immunization Action Coalition (IAC), administering an inactivated influenza vaccine subcutaneously is a vaccine administration error and should be reported.
* (B) Boostrix was administered intramuscularly.#(Correct Route - No Error)
* Boostrix is aTdap (Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Acellular Pertussis) vaccineindicated for booster immunization.
* It iscorrectly administered intramuscularly (IM)in thedeltoid muscle.
* Since the correct administration route was followed, this does not qualify as a vaccine administration error.
* (C) Varivax was administered subcutaneously.#(Correct Route - No Error)
* Varivax is alive-attenuated varicella (chickenpox) vaccine.
* It iscorrectly administered subcutaneously (SQ), typically in the upper arm or thigh.
* Since the correct administration route was followed, this is not a vaccine administration error.
* (D) Shingrix was administered intramuscularly.#(Correct Route - No Error)
* Shingrix is arecombinant zoster vaccine (RZV)used for shingles prevention.
* It should be administeredintramuscularly (IM).
* Since the correct administration route was followed, this is not a vaccine administration error.
* TheInstitute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP)and theCDCrecommend reportingvaccine administration errorsto VAERS, especially if the error could affect the vaccine's efficacy or patient safety.
* Administration of Fluzonevia the incorrect route (subcutaneously instead of intramuscularly)could alter immune response and should be reported.
* If a vaccine is given via the incorrect route, the CDC provides guidance on whether the dose needs to be repeated. For inactivated influenza vaccines given subcutaneously, the CDC states that the dose does not need to be repeated, but the error should still be documented and reported.
* CDC General Best Practices for Immunization:https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/acip-recs/general- recs/index.html
* Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS): https://vaers.hhs.gov/
* Immunization Action Coalition (IAC) - Vaccine Administration Guidelines: https://www.immunize.
org/technical-support/administering-vaccines/
* Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) - Vaccine Safety Recommendations: https://www.
ismp.org/recommendations/immunization-safety
Analysis of Each Answer Choice:Reporting Vaccine Administration Errors:References for Pharmacy Technicians: