Explanation
The capability levels are a measure of how well an enterprise performs its information and technology governance and management processes in terms of process attributes such as process performance, process definition, process deployment, process measurement, process control, process optimization etc. The capability levels range from 0 (incomplete) to 5 (optimizing), indicating the degree of maturity and effectiveness of an enterprise's information and technology governance and management processes. The capability levels are most likely to increase as a result of identifying specific design factors that increase the importance of certain governance and management objectives. The design factors are the characteristics or conditions that influence how an enterprise designs and implements its information and technology governance system using COBIT 2019. The design factors include aspects such as enterprise strategy archetype; enterprise goals; IT-related goals; risk profile; IT deployment; threat landscape; compliance requirement; operating environment; size of enterprise; culture; stakeholders; etc. By identifying specific design factors that increase the importance of certain governance and management objectives, an enterprise can tailor its information and technology governance system to suit its context and needs. This will also help to improve its capability levels for those governance and management objectives that are prioritized by the design factors. For example, if an enterprise identifies that its IT deployment design factor is cloud-based or hybrid-based, it may increase the importance of certain governance and management objectives such as managed availability and capacity (BAI04), managed service agreements (APO09), managed security services (DSS05), etc., which are relevant for managing cloud-based or hybrid-based IT solutions. By tailoring its information and technology governance system to address those governance and management objectives more effectively, the enterprise can also increase its capability levels for those processes.References: : COBIT 2019 Design Guide: page 33-48 : COBIT 2019 Process Assessment Model: page 11-13