Effective communication in business analysis is characterized by being bi-directional and iterative. This means that information flows both ways between stakeholders and the analyst, and this exchange is repeated as needed to refine understanding and ensure alignment. It involves active listening, clarification, and feedback to facilitate a shared understanding and to ensure that the requirements and solutions are aligned with the stakeholders' needs. Reference: The characteristics of effective communication are supported by the BABOK Guide, which emphasizes the importance of verbal, non-verbal, written communication, and listening skills for business analysts12.