Salting and hashing are techniques used to protect the security of passwords stored in a database. Salting involves adding random data, known as a "salt," to each password before it is hashed. This makes it more difficult for attackers to crack the passwords by using pre-computed hash tables, known as "rainbow tables." Hashing involves applying a one-way mathematical function, known as a "hash algorithm," to the salted password to produce a fixed-length output, known as a "hash value." This makes it impossible to determine the original password from the hash value, even if the attacker has access to the database. By implementing salting and hashing, the company can ensure that its passwords are protected even if the database is compromised