* Installation:
* Nmap can be installed on various operating systems. For example, on a Debian-based system:
sudo apt-get install nmap
* Basic Network Scanning:
* To scan a range of IP addresses in the network:
nmap -sP 192.168.1.0/24
* Service and Version Detection:
* To scan for open ports and detect the service versions running on a specific host:
nmap -sV 192.168.1.10
* Enumerating Domain Systems:
* Use Nmap with additional scripts to enumerate domain systems. For example, using the --script option:
nmap -p 445 --script=smb-enum-domains 192.168.1.10
* Advanced Scanning Options:
* Stealth Scan: Use the -sS option to perform a stealth scan:
nmap -sS 192.168.1.10
* Aggressive Scan: Use the -A option to enable OS detection, version detection, script scanning, and traceroute:
nmap -A 192.168.1.10
* Real-World Example:
* A penetration tester uses Nmap to enumerate the systems within a domain by scanning the network for live hosts and identifying the services running on each host. This information helps in identifying potential vulnerabilities and entry points for further exploitation.
* References from Pentesting Literature:
* In "Penetration Testing - A Hands-on Introduction to Hacking," Nmap is extensively discussed for various stages of the penetration testing process, from reconnaissance to vulnerability assessment.
* HTB write-ups often illustrate the use of Nmap for network enumeration and discovering potential attack vectors.
References:
* Penetration Testing - A Hands-on Introduction to Hacking
* HTB Official Writeups