To exploit a vulnerability in a wireless network's authentication mechanism and gain unauthorized access, the penetration tester would most likely perform a KARMA attack.
KARMA Attack:
Definition: KARMA (KARMA Attacks Radio Machines Automatically) is an attack technique that exploits the tendency of wireless clients to automatically connect to previously connected wireless networks.
Mechanism: Attackers set up a rogue access point that impersonates a legitimate wireless network. When clients automatically connect to this rogue AP, attackers can capture credentials or provide malicious services.
Purpose:
Unauthorized Access: By setting up a rogue access point, attackers can trick legitimate clients into connecting to their network, thereby gaining unauthorized access.
Other Options:
Beacon Flooding: Involves sending a large number of fake beacon frames to create noise and disrupt network operations. Not directly useful for gaining unauthorized access.
MAC Address Spoofing: Involves changing the MAC address of an attacking device to match a trusted device. Useful for bypassing MAC-based access controls but not specific to wireless network authentication.
Eavesdropping: Involves intercepting and listening to network traffic, useful for gathering information but not directly for gaining unauthorized access.
Pentest Reference:
Wireless Security Assessments: Understanding common attack techniques such as KARMA is crucial for identifying and exploiting vulnerabilities in wireless networks.
Rogue Access Points: Setting up rogue APs to capture credentials or perform man-in-the-middle attacks is a common tactic in wireless penetration testing.
By performing a KARMA attack, the penetration tester can exploit the wireless network's authentication mechanism and gain unauthorized access to the network.