Damping in a pulsed-wave transducer primarily affects the pulse duration. Damping refers to the process of reducing the vibration of the transducer crystal after the initial excitation. When damping is applied, it shortens the length of the ultrasound pulse by quickly reducing the vibration. This results in a shorter pulse duration, which is important for improving axial resolution. Damping does not directly affect the pulse repetition frequency, beam focus, or beam penetration, although it can have indirect effects on image quality and resolution. Reference:
ARDMS Sonography Principles and Instrumentation guidelines
"Diagnostic Ultrasound: Principles and Instruments" by Frederick W. Kremkau