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How are high-level languages different from machine language?
Correct Answer: A
High-level languages and machine language (also known as machine code) serve different purposes in the world of programming. Let's explore the differences: 1.High-Level Languages: oDefinition: High-level languages are programming languages that are designed to be more human-readable and user-friendly. Examples include C, C++, Java, Python, and Ruby. oCharacteristics: Abstraction: High-level languages provide a higher level of abstraction, allowing programmers to express complex logic using familiar syntax and natural language constructs. Readability: Code written in high-level languages is easier for humans to understand because it resembles everyday language. Platform Independence: High-level languages are platform-independent, meaning the same code can run on different operating systems with minimal modifications. Compiler or Interpreter: High-level code is compiled or interpreted into machine code before execution. oAdvantages: Productivity: Developers can write code more quickly and efficiently. Maintenance: Easier to maintain and debug due to readability. Portability: Code can be moved across platforms. oExample: Python # Example in Python def greet(name): print(f"Hello, {name}!") greet("Alice") 2.Machine Language (Machine Code): oDefinition: Machine language consists of binary instructions (0s and 1s) that directly correspond to the instructions executed by the computer's central processing unit (CPU). oCharacteristics: Low-Level: Machine language is the lowest level of programming language. Binary Representation: Each instruction is represented as a sequence of binary digits (bits). Specific to Hardware: Machine code is specific to the architecture of the computer (e.g., x86, ARM). Direct Execution: The CPU executes machine instructions directly. oAdvantages: Efficiency: Machine code runs directly on the hardware, making it highly efficient. No Translation Overhead: No need for translation (compilation or interpretation) since it's already in the CPU's native language. oExample (Simplified): o01100110 00001010 ; Binary sequence representing an addition operation 3.Summary: oHigh-level languages provide abstraction, readability, and portability. oMachine language is specific to the hardware, efficient, and executed directly by the CPU. References: 1.GeeksforGeeks: What is Machine Language? 2.BBC Bitesize: High-level languages 3.Webopedia: High-Level Programming Language 4.Codeforwin: High level languages - advantages and disadvantages