* Understanding Anion Gap:
* The anion gap is a calculated value based on the concentrations of cations (positively charged ions) and anions (negatively charged ions) in the blood, used to identify the causes of metabolic acidosis.
* Normal and Abnormal Values:
* Normal Anion Gap:Typically ranges from 8-12 mEq/L, though some sources consider 6-12 mEq/L as normal.
* High Anion Gap (> 12):Indicates metabolic acidosis, often due to conditions like ketoacidosis, lactic acidosis, or ingestion of toxins.
* Low Anion Gap (< 8):Not typically associated with metabolic alkalosis; other conditions like hypoalbuminemia may cause it.
* Clinical Relevance:
* Anion gap helps clinicians determine the underlying cause of acid-base imbalances and guide appropriate treatment.
References:
* American Association for Clinical Chemistry (AACC)
* Mayo Clinic on Anion Gap