UIDs and GIDs are two different types of identifiers for users and groups in Linux. They are not related to each other, and they do not affect each other's availability or functionality. A user can have the same UID as another user's GID, or vice versa, without any problem. The only restriction is that UIDs and GIDs must be unique within their own domain, i.e., no two users can have the same UID, and no two groups can have the same GID. Having the same UID as a GID does not imply any special relationship between the user and the group, nor does it grant any extra permissions or access rights. The user and the group are still treated as separate entities by the system123 References: 1: Linux sysadmin basics: User account management with UIDs and GIDs 2: How to (Correctly) Change the UID and GID of a user/group in Linux 3: Linux File Permission: uid vs gid - CBT Nuggets