According to the RFC 19181, the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) has reserved the following three blocks of the IPv4 address space for private internets:
* 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255 (10/8 prefix)
* 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255 (172.16/12 prefix)
* 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255 (192.168/16 prefix)
These address blocks are not globally routable and are intended for use within private networks, such as home, office, or campus networks. They can be assigned to any device that does not need to communicate directly with the public internet, or that can use network address translation (NAT) to do so. Private addresses allow for more efficient use of the limited IPv4 address space and reduce the need for public addresses.
The other options are not reserved for private use by IANA. Option A, 127.0.0.0/8, is reserved for loopback addresses, which are used to refer to the local host. Option C, 169.255.0.0/16, is a typo and should be
169.254.0.0/16, which is reserved for link-local addresses, which are used for automatic address configuration on a local network segment. Option F, 224.0.0.0/4, is reserved for multicast addresses, which are used for one-to-many communication.
References:
* RFC 1918: Address Allocation for Private Internets - RFC Editor
* IANA IPv4 Special-Purpose Address Registry
* Private network - Wikipedia