In the V-model project described in the question, the tester can identify the following based on the provided information:
* Expected result (II): The requirements specification clearly states that the app should only ask for access permissions to the camera and photos stored on the device during and after installation. This expected behavior is defined by the requirements.
* Actual result (III): The tester observes that the app also requests access to all contacts on the device, which deviates from the expected result. This actual observation can be recorded accurately.
Given these details, the tester can specify the expected result (II) and the actual result (III) in the defect report.
However, without more information, the tester cannot determine the test environment (I), the test level (IV), or the root cause (V).
References:
* ISTQB CTFL Syllabus V4.0, Section 5.5 on Defect Reporting
* Typical contents of a defect report as mentioned in the syllabus include the expected result and the actual result observed during testing.