Following are the common security problems involved in communications and email:
Eavesdropping: It is the act of secretly listening to private information through telephone lines, e-mail, instant
messaging, and any other method of communication considered private.
Identity theft: It is the act of obtaining someone's username and password to access his/her email servers for
reading email and sending false email messages. These credentials can be obtained by eavesdropping on
SMTP, POP, IMAP, or Webmail connections.
Message modification: The person who has system administrator permission on any of the SMTP servers can
visit anyone's message and can delete or change the message before it continues on to its destination. The
recipient has no way of telling that the email message has been altered.
False message: It the act of constructing messages that appear to be sent by someone else.
Message replay: In a message replay, messages are modified, saved, and re-sent later.
Message repudiation: In message repudiation, normal email messages can be forged. There is no way for the
receiver to prove that someone had sent him/her a particular message. This means that even if someone has
sent a message, he/she can successfully deny it.
Answer option B is incorrect. A message digest is a number that is created algorithmically from a file and
represents that file uniquely.