Banner grabbing
Explanation:
Banner grabbing is an enumeration technique used to glean information about computer systems on a network and the services running its open ports. Administrators can use this to take inventory of the systems and services on their network. An intruder however can use banner grabbing in order to find network hosts that are running versions of applications and operating systems with known exploits. Some examples of service ports used for banner grabbing are those used by Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP), File Transfer Protocol (FTP), and Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP); ports 80, 21, and 25 respectively. Tools commonly used to perform banner grabbing are Telnet, which is included with most operating systems, and Netcat. For example, one could establish a connection to a target host running a Web service with netcat, then send a bad html request in order to get information about the service on the host: [root@prober] nc www.targethost.com 80 HEAD / HTTP/1.1 HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Mon, 11 May 2009 22:10:40 EST Server: Apache/2.0.46 (Unix) (Red Hat/Linux) Last-Modified: Thu, 16 Apr 2009 11:20:14 PST ETag: "1986-69b-123a4bc6" Accept-Ranges: bytes Content-Length: 1110 Connection: close Content-Type: text/html The administrator can now catalog this system or an intruder now knows what version of Apache to look for exploits.