The ext3 file system is a Linux native file system that meets the requirements of the question. It has the following features:
All changes are tracked. The ext3 file system uses a journaling mechanism that records all changes to the file system metadata in a special log called the journal before applying them to the actual file system. This ensures that the file system can be restored to a consistent state in case of a power failure or system crash12.
The possibility of file corruption is reduced. The journaling feature of ext3 also reduces the possibility of file corruption, as it avoids the need for a full file system check after an unclean shutdown. The file system can be quickly replayed from the journal and any inconsistencies can be fixed12.
Data recovery is easy. The ext3 file system supports undeletion of files using tools such as ext3grep or extundelete, which can scan the file system for deleted inodes and attempt to recover the data blocks associated with them34.
Reference:
1: Introduction to Linux File System [Structure and Types] - MiniTool1 2: 7 Ways to Determine the File System Type in Linux (Ext2, Ext3 or Ext4) - Tecmint3 3: How to Recover Deleted Files in Linux with ext3grep 4: How to Recover Deleted Files from ext3 Partitions