Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:
* Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) tools provide behavioral analytics and continuous monitoring to detect malware such as backdoors, which is especially critical on endpoints like macOS devices.
These tools are essential to detect post-compromise activities and contain threats before they spread.
* Secure Email Gateway (e.g., Cisco ESA) plays a key role in blocking phishing emails-the initial vector in this attack. It uses filters and reputation analysis to prevent malicious links or attachments from reaching end users.
Incorrect Options:
* C. DLP focuses on preventing data exfiltration, not phishing prevention or backdoor detection.
* D. IPS is effective for known signature-based threats but less effective against phishing links and endpoint-level backdoors.
* E. WAF protects web servers, not end-user devices from phishing or backdoor infections.
Therefore, the correct answers are: A and B.