The EXPOSE instruction in a Dockerfile informs Docker that the container listens on the specified network ports at runtime. This does not publish the ports to the host machine, but it allows them to be connected to from other containers.
A: Local port 8080 of the container that launched with this docker image is accessible from co-hosted containers and external clients - Incorrect. The EXPOSE instruction does not make the port accessible to external clients. B. Local port 8080 is not reachable at all because no IP address is specified along with the EXPOSE command of the Dockerfile - Incorrect. The EXPOSE instruction does not require an IP address. C.
Local port 8080 is accessible from other containers running on the same docker host as the container that launched with this docker image - Correct. The EXPOSE instruction makes the port available for inter-container communication. D. Local port 8080 of the container that launched with this docker image is accessible to external clients - Incorrect. The EXPOSE instruction does not publish the port to external clients.
References:
* Dockerfile reference - EXPOSE