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A data scientist is using Snowflake to perform anomaly detection on sensor data from industrial equipment. The data includes timestamp, sensor ID, and sensor readings. Which of the following approaches, leveraging unsupervised learning and Snowflake features, would be the MOST efficient and scalable for detecting anomalies, assuming anomalies are rare events?
Correct Answer: B
Isolation Forest is specifically designed for anomaly detection and performs well with high-dimensional data. Because anomalies are defined as 'few and different,' Isolation Forest builds an ensemble of trees and isolates observations by randomly selecting a feature and then randomly selecting a split value between the maximum and minimum values of the selected feature. Anomalies require fewer splits to be isolated and consequently have a shorter path length in the tree, where this path length is the measurement of 'solation'. It is scalable and well-suited for large datasets within Snowflake, especially when integrated via a UDF.SVM is computationally intensive. K-Means only effective when anomalies are caused by shifted data, no individual outliers. Calculationg the moving average is quick to compute, and has a faster throughput, but is extremely sensitive to outliers. Option A is computationally expensive and may not scale well. Options C is suitable for a high level initial assessment, and not for accuracy. Option E, Autoencoders would have difficulty training and might not perform well.