Answer is C :
In Aura, application events are used when you need to communicate information across multiple, independent components in the application. Since this scenario involves multiple components on the same page that are not directly related, an application event is ideal. When the c:searchAccounts component selects an Account, firing an application event allows all other components on the page to react to that selection and display relevant information without requiring them to be in a parent-child relationship.

Mauricio，yyds

Application events follow a publish/subscribe model, which means that a publisher component can send an event message to a channel, and one or more subscriber components can listen and react to the event message.

An application event is suitable for your scenario because:

- It can communicate from the c:searchAccounts component to any other component that provides a handler for the event, regardless of their position in the component hierarchy. This allows for communication between components that are not in direct contact, such as the components on the home page.
It can carry data and information from the c:searchAccounts component to the other components, such as the account id or name of the selected account1. This allows the other components to get other information related to the selected account and display it.

- It can leverage the existing security features of Salesforce, such as authentication, authorization, and encryption1.
The other options are not correct. A component event is a type of event message that can only be handled by components that are in direct contact with the component that fired the event, such as a parent or a child component. A publish event is a type of event message that is used in Lightning Web Components, not in Aura Components. A refreshView event is a type of system event that refreshes the view of an app or component after data changes.

Therefore, the correct answer to your question is:

An application event

https://salesforce.stackexchange.com/questions/137052/component-events-vs-application-events-component-getevent-vs-a-get...