In a calculation view, the different types of input mapping available in Table Function are Constant and Data Source Column. Constant allows you to map a fixed value to the input parameter of the Table Function. Data Source Column allows you to map a column from another node or data source to the input parameter of the Table Function12.
The other two options, Variable and Formula, are not types of input mapping available in Table Function. Variable is a type of input mapping available in Calculation Scenario, which allows you to map a variable from the calculation view to the input parameter of the Calculation Scenario3. Formula is a type of input mapping available in Scripted Calculation View, which allows you to map a formula expression to the input parameter of the Scripted Calculation View4. References: 1: Use Table Functions in Calculation Views | SAP Help Portal 2: Map Input Parameters | SAP Help Portal 3: Map Input Parameters or Variables | SAP Help Portal 4: Map Input Parameters | SAP Help Portal