http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E16655_01/server.121/e17639/ldr_concepts.htm#SUTIL978 SQL*Loader loads data from external files into tables of an Oracle database.
It has a powerful data parsing engine that puts little limitation on the format of the data in the data file.
You can use SQL*Loader to do the following:
Load data across a network if your data files are on a different system than the database.
Load data from multiple data files during the same load session.
Load data into multiple tables during the same load session.
Specify the character set of the data.
Selectively load data (you can load records based on the records'values).
Manipulate the data before loading it, using SQL functions.
Generate unique sequential key values in specified columns.
Use the operating system's file system to access the data files.
Load data from disk, tape, or named pipe.
Generate sophisticated error reports, which greatly aid troubleshooting.
Load arbitrarily complex object-relational data.
Use secondary data files for loading LOBs and collections.