Explanation/Reference:
Typically, Service Applications will be backed up as part of a full farm back-up, along with all other components of the farm, If you want to backup individual service applications such as Managed Metadata service, User Profile Service then you can use Windows PowerShell to back up the SharePoint service application, below steps describes the procedure.
Step1 - User has to added to the SharePoint_Shell_Access role for desired database. Use the Add- SPShellAdmincmdlet to add user to SharePoint_Shell_Access role as below Step2 - Click SharePoint 2013 Management Shell from Start ->All Programs Type the below command in PowerShell Backup-SPFarm -Directory <BackupFolder> -BackupMethod {Full | Differential} -Item
<ServiceApplicationName> [-Verbose]