OpenShift provides multiple methods for installing and deploying clusters, depending on the level of control and automation desired. Let's analyze each option:
A . installer-provisioned infrastructure
Correct:
Installer-provisioned infrastructure (IPI) is an automated installation method where the OpenShift installer provisions and configures the underlying infrastructure (e.g., virtual machines, networking) using cloud provider APIs or bare-metal platforms. This method simplifies deployment by handling most of the setup automatically.
B . kubeadm
Incorrect:
kubeadm is a tool used to bootstrap Kubernetes clusters manually. While it is widely used for Kubernetes installations, it is not specific to OpenShift and is not an official installation method for OpenShift clusters.
C . user-provisioned infrastructure
Correct:
User-provisioned infrastructure (UPI) is a manual installation method where users prepare and configure the infrastructure (e.g., virtual machines, load balancers, DNS) before deploying OpenShift. This method provides greater flexibility and control over the environment but requires more effort from the user.
D . kubespray
Incorrect:
Kubespray is an open-source tool used to deploy Kubernetes clusters on various infrastructures. Like kubeadm, it is not specific to OpenShift and is not an official installation method for OpenShift clusters.
Why These Methods?
Installer-Provisioned Infrastructure (IPI): Automates the entire installation process, making it ideal for users who want a quick and hassle-free deployment.
User-Provisioned Infrastructure (UPI): Allows advanced users to customize the infrastructure and tailor the deployment to their specific needs.
JNCIA Cloud Reference:
The JNCIA-Cloud certification covers OpenShift installation methods as part of its curriculum on container orchestration platforms. Understanding the differences between IPI and UPI is essential for deploying OpenShift clusters effectively.
For example, Juniper Contrail integrates with OpenShift to provide advanced networking features, regardless of whether the cluster is deployed using IPI or UPI.
Reference:
OpenShift Documentation: Installation Methods
Juniper JNCIA-Cloud Study Guide: OpenShift Deployment