Adeep neural network (DNN)is a type of artificial neural network that consists of multiple layers between the input and output layers. TheISTQB Certified Tester AI Testing (CT-AI) Syllabusoutlines the following characteristics of a DNN:
* Structure of a Deep Neural Network:
* ADNN comprises at least three types of layers:
* Input layer: Receives the input data.
* Hidden layers: Perform complex feature extraction and transformations.
* Output layer: Produces the final prediction or classification.
* Analysis of Answer Choices:
* A (Only input and output layers)# Incorrect, as a DNN must haveat least one hidden layer.
* B (At least one internal hidden layer)# Correct, as a neural network must havehidden layersto be considered deep.
* C (Minimum of five layers required)# Incorrect, asthere is no strict definitionthat requires at least five layers.
* D (Output layer is not connected to other layers)# Incorrect, asthe output layer must be connectedto the hidden layers.
Thus,Option B is the correct answer, asa deep neural network must have at least one hidden layer.
Certified Tester AI Testing Study Guide References:
* ISTQB CT-AI Syllabus v1.0, Section 6.1 (Neural Networks and Deep Neural Networks)
* ISTQB CT-AI Syllabus v1.0, Section 6.2 (Structure of Deep Neural Networks).