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At which layer of the TCP/IP reference model does a router work?
Correct Answer: B
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation (HCIA-Cloud Computing aligned): The HCIA-Cloud Computing syllabus explains that routers are responsible for inter-network communication and packet forwarding based on IP addresses. In the TCP/IP reference model, this function corresponds to the Network layer. Routers analyze the destination IP address of a packet and use routing tables and routing protocols to determine the best path for forwarding the packet to its destination. This behavior is distinct from switches, which forward frames based on MAC addresses at the data link layer. The Data link layer (A) is associated with switches, the Transport layer (D) handles end-to-end communication (such as TCP and UDP), and the Application layer (C) provides services to applications. Therefore, according to HCIA-Cloud Computing network fundamentals, the correct answer is Network layer.