Rationale for Correct Answer: terraform plan -refresh-only refreshes (reconciles) the state with the real infrastructure only for the purpose of the plan output. It does not persist (write) those updates to the state file.
To actually update the stored state, you must run terraform apply -refresh-only (or a normal terraform apply).
This matches the Terraform CLI objective: plan previews changes; apply makes changes (including writing state).
Analysis of Incorrect Options (Distractors):
A (True): Incorrect because terraform plan does not write state; it only calculates and displays what would change.
Key Concept: The plan vs apply workflow and when Terraform writes state.
Reference: Terraform Objectives - Implement and Maintain State (state behavior and refresh) and Understand Terraform Basics and CLI (plan vs apply workflow).