Explanation
The most likely cause of the enterprise data being compromised from a local database is Shadow IT. Shadow IT is the use of unauthorized applications or devices by employees to access company resources. In this case, the sales director's laptop was stolen, and the attacker was able to use it to access the local database, which was not secured properly, allowing unauthorized access to sensitive data. References:
* CompTIA Security+ Certification Exam Objectives - Exam SY0-601