Conditional access is the most relevant capability for ensuring trusted connectivity to cloud-hosted resources after a VPN solution is found to be vulnerable. Conditional access enforces security policies based on user identity, device status, location, and risk level before granting access to cloud applications. This helps mitigate risks posed by compromised VPNs and ensures that only trusted users and devices can access critical resources.
* Container orchestration (A) is used for managing containers in a cloud environment but does not address secure access for users.
* Microsegmentation (B) helps in isolating workloads within the cloud or network but does not control external access.
* Secure access service edge (SASE) (D) is a broader security architecture that integrates SD-WAN and cloud security, but conditional access specifically ensures policy-based authentication and authorization, which is critical in replacing a compromised VPN.