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Question 36/65
Which damage mechanism will not benefit much from PWHT mitigation?
Correct Answer: C
API RP 571 discusses Hydrogen-Induced Cracking (HIC) and Blistering:
"Postweld heat treatment (PWHT) does not significantly reduce susceptibility to HIC, as the mechanism is primarily driven by hydrogen charging in wet H#S environments and steel cleanliness, not residual stresses."
"PWHT is more effective for SSC, SOHIC, and other stress-driven mechanisms." Thus, HIC will not benefit much from PWHT, making option C correct.
"Postweld heat treatment (PWHT) does not significantly reduce susceptibility to HIC, as the mechanism is primarily driven by hydrogen charging in wet H#S environments and steel cleanliness, not residual stresses."
"PWHT is more effective for SSC, SOHIC, and other stress-driven mechanisms." Thus, HIC will not benefit much from PWHT, making option C correct.
- Question List (65q)
- Question 1: One way to prevent oxide scale formation on alloy steel is t...
- Question 2: What damage mechanism can occur in wet H#S environments and ...
- Question 3: (Amine stress corrosion cracking is found primarily in the:)...
- Question 4: Cooling water corrosion of exchanger tubes is typically incr...
- Question 5: Naphthenic acid corrosion (NAC) is most severe in what phase...
- Question 6: Besides corrosion, what other damage mechanism in hydrofluor...
- Question 7: Brittle fracture of a component is closely related to:...
- Question 8: Hydrogen permeation or diffusion rates associated with wet H...
- Question 9: Sigma phase embrittlement can occur in which of the followin...
- Question 10: 300 series austenitic stainless steels susceptible to polyth...
- Question 11: Proactive and retroactive positive material identification p...
- Question 12: What is the best way to inspect for brittle fracture?...
- Question 13: (Sulfidation is known to be accelerated by the presence of:)...
- Question 14: The most important alloying element for prevention of high-t...
- Question 15: Metal dusting usually occurs in the operating temperature ra...
- Question 16: What arbitrary value of hydrogen sulfide in water is often u...
- Question 17: Steel hardness and strength are critical factors for what ty...
- Question 18: A nickel-based buttering layer is often used when welding au...
- Question 19: The rate of spheroidization is affected by:...
- Question 20: Which of the following is related to all wet H#S damage mech...
- Question 21: An inspector observes sharp-edged pitting in piping immediat...
- Question 22: Temper embrittlement is a metallurgical change that is:...
- Question 23: Which of the following damage mechanisms is related to steel...
- Question 24: Convection section soot blowers that have steam supplies wit...
- Question 25: The primary cause of ammonium chloride corrosion is the form...
- Question 26: (Prevention of high-temperature hydrogen attack is usually a...
- Question 27: The most effective means of preventing caustic stress corros...
- Question 28: Which of the following is considered resistant to cracking i...
- Question 29: Which of the following will experience the highest oxidation...
- Question 30: Blistering and hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC) damage are mo...
- Question 31: Which of the materials listed are not susceptible to Chlorid...
- Question 32: What alloy element most improves naphthenic acid corrosion (...
- Question 33: (Typically, surface decarburization will have what effect on...
- Question 34: Microbiologically induced corrosion is largely independent o...
- Question 35: In what damage mechanism does hydrogen combine with carbides...
- Question 36: Which damage mechanism will not benefit much from PWHT mitig...
- Question 37: (Graphitization occurs in:)
- Question 38: To avoid cooling water scaling, process side inlet temperatu...
- Question 39: (A metal cracks because of stress relaxation during postweld...
- Question 40: (Concentration Cell Corrosion is best described as corrosion...
- Question 41: What type of damage is affected by higher hydrogen partial p...
- Question 42: Temper embrittlement is defined as:...
- Question 43: (Which of the following can be used to confirm 885 °F (475 °...
- Question 44: Erosion and erosion-corrosion metal loss is characterized by...
- Question 45: (Creep damage can be mitigated by:)...
- Question 46: H#S content, pH, temperature, velocity, and oxygen concentra...
- Question 47: Phosphoric acid corrosion in polymerization units is usually...
- Question 48: The 300 series stainless steels (austenitic stainless steels...
- Question 49: (Increased corrosion rates have been observed in equipment a...
- Question 50: Caustic corrosion is most often associated with:...
- Question 51: (What steel alloy is no longer recommended for services susc...
- Question 52: Why are high-cycle fatigue cracks difficult to detect with n...
- Question 53: Polythionic acid stress corrosion cracking is:...
- Question 54: Corrosion under insulation mitigation is best achieved by:...
- Question 55: Which of the following is a critical factor for chloride str...
- Question 56: The type of organic acids in crude feedstocks that are of mo...
- Question 57: If thermal shock damage may be present, which of the followi...
- Question 58: Short-term stress rupture is a/an:...
- Question 59: The stream from a crude atmospheric overhead goes to the tub...
- Question 60: Which of the following generally manifests itself as a subsu...
- Question 61: Severe internal grooving corrosion is found at the bottom of...
- Question 62: To detect wet insulation that might give rise to corrosion u...
- Question 63: Aggressive ammonium chloride corrosion often occurs:...
- Question 64: Cracks formed by carbonate stress corrosion are best detecte...
- Question 65: Which of the following can increase the corrosion rate of ca...
