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The family member of a child scheduled for heart surgery states, "I just don't understand this open-heart or closed-heart business. I'm so confused! Can you help me understand it?" The nurse explains that patent ductus arteriosus repair is:
Correct Answer: B
Explanation/Reference: Explanation: (A) Patent ductus arteriosus repair is a closed-heart procedure. The client is not placed on a heart-lung machine. (B) Patent ductus arteriosus is a ductus arteriosus that does not close shortlyafter birth but remains patent. Repair is a closed-heart procedure involving ligation of the patent ductus arteriosus. (C) Coronary artery bypass graft surgery is an open-heart surgical procedure in which blocked coronary arteries are bypassed using vessel grafts. (D) Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty is a closedheart procedure that improves coronary blood flow by increasing the lumen size of narrowed vessels.